The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that describes how data is transmitted over a network. It consists of seven layers, each with its own set of functions and protocols:
Physical layer: This layer deals with the physical components of the network, such as cables, connectors, and devices. It defines the physical characteristics of the network, such as voltage levels and data transmission rates.
Data link layer: This layer is responsible for transmitting data between devices on the same network. It handles tasks such as error detection and correction, and manages access to the network.
Network layer: This layer is responsible for routing data between different networks. It determines the most efficient path for data to travel and manages traffic on the network.
Transport layer: This layer is responsible for ensuring that data is transmitted reliably and efficiently between devices. It manages end-to-end connections, error recovery, and flow control.
Session layer: This layer manages the connections between devices, including establishing, maintaining, and terminating sessions.
Presentation layer: This layer is responsible for data formatting and conversion between different formats. It handles tasks such as encryption and compression.
Application layer: This layer provides services to user applications, such as email and file transfer. It defines the protocols that applications use to communicate with each other over the network.
Overall, the OSI model provides a framework for understanding how data is transmitted over a network and helps ensure that devices from different manufacturers can communicate with each other effectively.
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